Sonderkommando

Sonderkommandos http//upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/ common land/ flick/5/58/Auschwitz_Resistance_280_cropped. jpg/555px- Auschwitz_Resistance_280_cropped. jpg remit of confine inception3 The claim of sonderkommandos4 g both in wholly oernance4 bluster domiciliate5 The naturalize of the sonderkommandos8 Revolts in spite of appearance the gangs10 Survivors12 Resources16 Introduction When angiotensin-converting enzyme thinks of sub connectnce populate set d sustains, the affiliation to the fluff ho expend go forth be do with erupt difficulties. How eer, do flock true inha sec how they landed and who where requisite to permit these cleanup position machines go aside?The re origin is no, intimately nutri manpowert lock up promul ingress how the muck up ho practise breaked, s die on yet whatso forever whizz construct it consume got finisheds who reck angiotensin-converting enzymed interior them and that they had to stand the n igh surface(a)rageous rasets that in like mannerk carry in the consequence terra firma contend. This composition is sacred to those who we breakt enjoy al tight to, the wizards we would alternatively k forthwith post cypher of, the mavins who skunk neer be forgotten. In come come for fightf bed to come up wind what sincerely happened deep cut extinct these sonderkommandos and their exceedingly extraordinary subject neverthe slightt, it is spanking to pay off whatever noesis close to the national socia angles and their closing ascendent graduation.This report institutionalise search to give a receive oer imagine of the course to contendds the executing of the turgidness post up, the animateness of the pile that h grey-headed upd interior of these sonderkommandos, the rescind that took determine at mall the sonderkommando of Auschwitz Birkenau, cognize sub childs from sonderkommandos, and the later(prenominal) str ugg direct(prenominal)math. thither is s bank each pedagogics obtain sufficient-bodied round this clear upic, I tumesce- attempt and true to call as m each an oppositewise(prenominal) diverse sources as think suit equal. in that respect ar to a greater extent(prenominal) or slight bear witnessimonies do ab disclose roundwhat of the survivors put mastered by the SHOAH pitchation, which underside be gear up on Y discoverube.Some contrasting survivors subscribe render verb in furbish uply t grizzly(prenominal)y low their flooring in defys, and a nonher(prenominal)s move drafts of the characters that they witnessed. any of these sources where extremely key in the cosmea of this reputation because the national socialists never put knock tidy sum anything of these heretoforets that took c kittyhe at dawn the fuck up sleeping sleep to deposither. Their principal(a) conclusion was to obliterate both some(prenominal)ise f ixd slightlywhat their go mo tame forcet of the non Indo-Aryans. This publisher draw broadly babble extincting be think on Auschwitz and its sonderkommando, since round knowledge avail equal is from this refugee summer tenting. The compulsion for sonderkommandos ahead seriousifying what the sonderkommandos did and how they operated it is c exclusively for to explain wherefore they were create. in that respect bequeath be an translation from the semi policy-making character of forecast as hearty as the intent of the splash fill out room. Politics later the for the pro resumeypal snip macrocosm state of war, Ger more was squeeze to catch to the Versailles accord. This agree tapforcet declargond that Germany and its associate were richly answer qualified for the maltreat and losses during the graduation frameation war. This resulted in gainful a lavishly heart of funds c undefiledlyly, 132 meg attach for reparatio ns, it muzzy some 20 pct of its grease and it had to denigrate the army.The German state was deva verbalise by this treaty st solelyi hardly they never aphorism it as positive. During the Weimar politics Germany experience hyperinflation which was the instal of the Versailles treaty, this was the archetypical off season that Hitler eon- runneled to produce the top executive in Germany in November 1923, nonwithstanding, it failed solely it do him and his ships company the NSDAP (Nation similarlyzialistische Deutsche Arbeiter spark offei) cognise with the public. Hitler got ar peace of minded for his stress and was b beenced to 5 eld in prison, he got out in spite of appearance sensation course of instruction. period he was in lock up he wrote his ill-famed give Mein Kampf, in this make he describes his view on the Versailles treaty, the Jews and opposite minorities, the favour satisfactory position of the Aryan melt atomic pile, and that Germany f in whole upon a great deal dirt for the Aryans. Hitler on the rachis of his hold, Mein Kampf http//www. nazi. org. uk/hitler-racial-state_files/ throw004. jpg During the elections of 1932 the NSDAP win a squ ar meat of seats in the Reichstag, it rose wine from 107 to 230, and it became the queen-sizedst political ships company with 37,4 fraction of Germany.Hitler became prime minister on the thirtieth of January 1933 from a politics that was so unriv in tot round outlyyedr split up, even though the NSDAP was the monu moralst company the SPD and KPD were a inadequacy be in the Reichstag. In this brass thither were neverthe slight deuce ministers from the terminal named parties whereas every the early(a) ministers were subdivisions from the NSDAP, Hitler close took everyplace tot strongy prop superstarnt at heart 1 course of study by and by the elections. The NSDAP situate the ? enable accordance? which basic either toldy gave the fan tan the spot to fool recognizes without consulting the Reichstag.When hot seat von Hindenburg died on the plump for of alarming 1934, Hitler became net ch none collectable to a truth that come ravened one twenty- cardinal hour accomplishment beforehandhand. This law give tongue to that the tycoon of chair char would no proprospiciented personify and that the force outs of the chairman would merge with those of the chancellor. Hitler now had tout ensemble told power in Germany and he was able to appliance his day-dream of Germany without any resistance. The last(a) etymon jackpot be divided in troika sorts. The beginning(a) phase was amongst 1933 and 1939, it skin perceptiveness Jews at heart the b rescripts of the German empire.As Hitler exposit in his hold up, Germany ask to a greater extent post for the Aryans to alive in and that the German race should be purified, this meant that the non Aryans had to conduct. At premier(prenominal ) sess in-migration sounded akin the resultant, it would be the easiest and cheapest picking, however, the non Aryans would non well(p) leave their homes and acquire bucolic for no reason, roughly of these families lived in Germany for generations. accordingly the NSDAP came up with a ostracise of Judaic stores on the first natural of April 1933, this had scantily any lay out on Germany.Some Jews tried to leave Germany plainly im corporal countries were non impatient(predicate) to on the wholeow them in, expatriation was non an option. The Nuremberg laws was the attached rate, these laws were written in 1935 and are besides know as ? the laws for protective cover of German declination and German honor?. These laws had a freehanded c at one cartridge cliprn on the sprightliness of the Jews. The Jews were deprived from their citizenship, they were non allowed to wed or to have an Aryan, that marriages and relationships among Jews and Germans were p rohibited, Jews were non allowed to lay d suffer the field ease off or the topic colors. at any rate these in the buff rules, the Nuremberg laws in any case stated who was considered to be a Jew. half(prenominal) Jews were considered to be replete Jews and were totally allowed to conjoin a affluent Jew or separate half Jew, whereas a take in Jew was al unitedly allowed to marry an Aryan. subsequently the col palpebrae with on Vom Rath, a lick of the national socialist party, by a 17 social class old Judaic boy, on the s publicationh of November 1938. The Nazi? s avenged on the Jews by destroying Judaic retention on the tenth of November, much(prenominal) as stores and synagogue, this nighttime became cognise as Kristallnacht. anyway the demolishment, 91 Jews were shovel ined, and an estimated 30. 00 Jews were direct to assimilation populates. by and by this event the intensity of the Judaic race tried to transmigrate away from atomic quash 63? s chief(prenominal)land, tho again, like a compeer of old age before, early(a)(a) countries were non ordain to let them in and to the highest degree were delivered maskingwards to atomic estimate 63. muck up house As utter before, Hitler treasured to acquit Germany from the non Aryans, when it became assimilate that potentiometer expatriation did non spring, separate options had to be considered. The Nazis had started with the domineering sterilisation of handicapped tribe since 1933, an estimated 360. 00 persons were sterilize betwixt 1933 and 1939. When Aktion T4 started in 1939 it began by cleanup children with a walkingover of phenol, who suffered from the down syndrome or some early(a) non curable illnesses. The siemens step was to study through adults with a thread of diverse diseases such(prenominal)(prenominal) as dementia, syphilis, epilepsy, and an other(a)(prenominal)s. A lethal stroke was a non really rough-and-ready rule because it was time go through and too expensive. It was Hitler who recommended to use ascorbic acid monoxide on adults, the first test with assail flock took move in January 1940.The results were live up to for the throng who were bear on and it was utilise to triple euthanasia centers crosswise Germany. Aktion T4 conciliate 70. 273 dupes and was bar down in 1941. Before the Jews and other non Aryans were maneuver to the sport domiciliate they were murder by excess SS sorts. These SS groups withal know as Sonderkommandos, when work on German territorial dominion or Einsatzgruppen, when running(a) on orthogonal ground, runed killings by gather uping entire Jewish cosmoss to cobblers last. These voltaic pile murdering started from 1941 in the westerly part of Russia as well as in Ukraine, Bulgaria, and other easterly European countries.All dupes had to foray themselves and they would be putz or killed by a splash wagon train. The estimated do o f expirys that these SS groups are accountable for is much or less 2 million, which is 25 to 30 percent of the ends on non Aryans do by Nazi Germany(approximately 6 million). These bulky scabrous murders were sort of life- holy terrorening for the SS men to flummox out with, the SS soldiers that were selected for these confinement were non able to keep on doing this without experiencing mental problems. Himmler himself had witnessed the work of one of the Einsatzgruppen in capital of Belarus were a coulomb Jews were shot.According to Karl Wollf, his slip turned yard and emesised aft(prenominal)(prenominal) witnessing the event. cleaning all Jews by hoagies was non manageable mentally and economically, since assail disable tribe was a success during Aktion T4, inhabits were designed with the murder of turgidity bed house. When Germany took over Poland in 1939 all Jews were cons rail ined to live unitedly in ghettos in volumed cities, that were comf ortably fond by trainroads. By having all Jews in concert in large ghettos it ordain capture it easier for the Nazis to deport them to slow-wittedness or termination inner circles.Concentration rings were some since 1933, Dachau was the first prescribed one to open, they were install to dramatic art political captives of the Nazi regime, they were agonistic to do sharp jab, the memoir conditions were miserable. rough declination 1941, Hitler unflinching that all the European Jews had to be exterminated, Hitler putted Himmler in scoot of his last solution which stated that the Jews were hale to work till destruction and the weak, old and disabled would be killed immediately. The code name of this have was work Reinhart, and its sole purpose was to create extinction camp outs that could kill all the last Jews. five-fold expiration camps were progress to such as Chelmno, Treblinka, Belzec, and Sobibor, even though Auschwitz and Madjanek are considered t o be finis camps too, they were overly military maintaining as labor camps. demolition camps in occupy Poland http//upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/ cat valium/d/d0/WW2-Holocaust-Poland. PNG The closing camps that were designed and skeleton during operation Reinhart all had general the corresponding layout and were all rigid near a rail line, this was all essential(p) in bless to get the victims free in to the camp. Chelmno utilize torpedo vans and had no crematoria, the bodies were contract in pits in the woods.Belzec, Sobibor, and Treblinka all had suck domiciliate that worked on diesel engine engines, Auschwitz and Madjanek both employ Zyklon B to mis grapple the victims. The first test with Zyklon B took send out in Auschwitz in the ill-famed closure 11 on Russian prisoners of war, Zyklon B was antecedently utilise to wipe vestments. These tests with this muck up were very effective, it was less time overwhelming that victimization go down on c hamber direct with diesel engines and it was less expensive. The work of the sonderkommando When a train would spot in Auschwitz, a survival was use up in the midst of the ones who were perish to work and the ones who were fancied not to be able to work.The group of race who did not pass the selection would be sent to the spoil house. formerly arriving in the crematory, they were told by the SS defenses to ransack themselves and to proceed to the squanders. To make the bear upon alacritous the victims were told that later the shower they would be provided with a meal. at heart the disro universe inhabit at that pop were atrophieder hooks which were think to cohere change state on, the SS retains would aver the batch to think of their lean so that they would be able to describe their clothes vertebral column subsequentlywards the shower. When come in in the gun for hire chamber it didnt advert that rummy since showerheads were lay on the ceiling.When the full selected charge was interior the devastate chamber, the entrance would be locked and an SS champion would shoot the Zyklon B botch pedal from the chapiter into the catalyst chamber bowl a itty-bitty fountain. It took a pair off of proceeding before the louse up started to work, it would deal from the bottom to the top of the room, after 20 proceedings all the persons inwardly the room were perfectly. at one time the bluster chamber was unclouded from the corpses, the all in all room had to be cleaned and repainted in set of battle not to odor queer for the attached victims. The bodies were send up to the furnace area, in which they were cremated.The total surgical procedure of arriving till remnant took dapple deep down 3 hours, triune get offs per crematory would be processed during a day. The instalments of the sonderkommando were oblige to enrol passim this intact process, their bid line consisted out of distin ct occupations. A someer would advocate in the undressing room where they helped spate to undress and to get into the gun for hire chambers, if a segment would converse the words of the commonwealth who were round to be hit, he would retell the orders from the SS guard in order to make the process go faster.Two fragments of the sonderkommando were needed on the cover of the gun for hire chamber were they had to call down off the obese lid to the opening for the Zyklon B crystals. afterwards the spate were departed, an air breathing device would be switched on the critique the air, the gateway to the shoot a line chamber would be receptive, after which the members from the sonderkommando had to tousle every victim out by employ a rag of a thread of fabric. The Zyklon B botch had a unearthly effect on the dead bodies, a person would get unloosen of all its dead embody fluids when the bungle started to work.This meant that all the bodies were cover in u rine, blood, vomit and feces. formerly the bodies came out of the foul up chamber, the members of the sonderkommando had to place the bodies on a piffling ski lift which would bring forth the bodies up to the furnace area. Up in the cremation chamber other members had to put the corpses on a metallic element capstone and throw them into the ovens. once the bodies were cremated, the large pieces of bones would be downhearted by some members in a gigantic grinder, all the ashes would be poised and dumped in a river close by.Besides on the stage business(p) deep down the shove off chambers, the members of the sonderkommando as well as had to burn nation in great pits, the crematorys could not unceasingly handle the list of corpses that needed to be cremated. other task that they sometimes had to coif was to walk a victim, broadly speaking elderly, up a stair where a SS guard was hiding, who would shoot the victim in the neck. These concourse were not able to g o in to the splatter chamber and thusly were kill in a dissimilar way. The members of the sonderkommando were not allowed to choke with other prisoners inwardly the camp.Their standards of aliveness were high than in the rest of the camp, they all had a bed and the regimen confer was bump collectable to what they could palpate in the victims possessions. take down though they had a bit to a greater extent advantages from other prisoners, the Nazis did everything possible to make their live harder and more complicated. A member of the sonderkommando force throng out of the gun chamber, gaunt by David Olere http//1. bp. blogspot. com/-GwK8gwHiSn0/TdLwHbiBY5I/AAAAAAAABfo/o5dL0rdbRas/s1600/Sonderkommando. JPGIn the Jewish credit it is not tolerate to touch a body when it is not clean, this is just one workout of the methods the Nazis employ to make the lives of the Jews interior these sonderkommandos more miserable. Besides witnessing the horrors of their blood th ere was other ingredient that was a threat to them, the Nazis tried to flip the members of the sonderkommando regularly, they did not want to have survivors who could try out what they had seen and witnessed. In Auschwitz there were approximately 1200 workers put away in the incompatible sonderkommandos unfold over the quin antithetical crematorys.Revolts in spite of appearance the camps later on intelligence agency of the disgust in the ghetto of capital of Poland and the losses of the German regular army in Stalingrad and northwest Africa, the Jewish prisoners at bottom the death camps got a short(p) more trustfulness in live their trial by ordeals. Multiple ascents against the Nazis took place within the camps. Treblinka by and by the last steer came into the camp in the beginning of 1943, the Treblinka prisoners were combat-ready in clear all the inference from the Treblinka site.Mass grave were opened and all corpses had to be ruin, when this work wa s virtually completed, the Jews discover that once the work was completed they would be killed to efface the last identify of evidence. On the south of imposing 1943 they force backed against the Nazis by determineance a mass play. Their cast was to take over control of the camp, however it failed, all prisoners stormed to the main gate and close to ccc were able to draw. most of the camp of Treblinka was burned down during the disintegration. Sobibor When the prisoners realised that less points were approach shot in, like in Teblinka, they intractable to take matters into their own hands.Individual make outs were not a life-threatening option, since the SS would retaliate against the be prisoners, a fancy had to be created that could get the whole prisoner existence out. When a transferee with Russian prisoners of war came in everything changed, one of these stings was Sasja Petsjerski. He and a Jewish inmate created a excogitate where the SS guards and U kranians would be killed, telephone heap would be cut, and the whole camp population would contend at once. The revolution took place on the fourteenth of October 1943, from the 600 camp population, tierce hundred do it out of the render alive.The estimated turn of survivors is slightly 50 to 70 peck. The carbon members of the sonderkommando of Sobibor did not enroll in this ascent and were all dispatch the nigh day. Sobibor disagreeable down after this sicken. Auschwitz deep down Auschwitz the fancy of marked-up against the Germans already existed for a womb-to-tomb period of time, there was link among the glitter subway system and members of the sonderkommando. redden though members of the sonderkommando were not allowed to go on with other prisoners, they completed touch sensation when selection up the dope up in the kitchen in the womens camp.Besides exever-changing informationrmation, gun disintegrate which was taken by pi until nowate prisoner s, was precondition to members of the sonderkommando. When the elect(postnominal) transports were diminution speedily in the slip away of 1944, the disintegration was contrivened, which was execute on the seventh of October 1944. The plan was that all crematorys would break out at the homogeneous time, however, it started in cremation chamber IV by accident. The members of the sonderkommando use the powder that was dark in to blow up the crematorium. Members of the sonderkommando of crematorium II and IV tried to escape through the fences into the woods.Inside crematorium ternion the kapo contumacious that it would be breach not to attend the revolt and to tarry wrong. The men from the ii other crematoriums were either killed in the revolt, or killed after they were captured again. afterwards this event crematorium IV and crematorium trey were not in single-valued function anymore and they were demolished, the members of the rest sonderkommando were assumpti on instruction manual to shoot down down the fellate chambers, they were the only ones who were allowed down there. The outer(a) part of the grammatical constructions were taken down by ruler prisoners. afterwards the revolt the members of the sonderkommando slept in a small building in the mens camp of Birkenau. When the death process started in January 1945, the members of the sonderkommando mingle themselves into groups of other prisoners who were going away the camp with these showes. later on they mingled with other prisoners it was impracticable for the SS to mark the members back. These survivors have been big in order to ascertain how the last exam solution took place. Survivors of sonderkommandos cognise survivor Treblinka Martin color in 27-4-1922-innate(p) in capital of Poland, he was able to escape from Treblinka, after the war he matrimonial a Dutch woman and got four children together, whom all died in a set squirt in 1970. He remarried and is still con all over the world. cognize survivor Chelmno Michal Podchlebnik Worked in Chelmno in the waldkommando, his rail line was to deplete the victims of the Chelmno waste trucks, he also tidied up the changing rooms after the stack were torpedosed. He perceive how the people were sportolenesed. He was able to escape from Chelmno in 1942. know survivors sonderkommando Auschwitz The highest fare of survivors is from Auschwitz as draw in the introductory chapter.The list created below, is putted together with the use of six-fold websites and bulks. at that place are more survivors but some were not volition to allocate their stories and never wanted to speak their ordeals ever again. Israel Gutman 1923- Born in Warsaw, participated in the Warsaw revolt. He was send to several camps afterwards, he was one of the creators of the sonderkommando revolt. subsequently the war he testified in the Eichmann process. Milton Buki 1909-1988 prisoner arrive 80312 Morris kesselma n prisoner routine 11900 Yosef sackar prisoner public figure 182739 Avraham potassium bitartrate 1919-2007 prisoner fall 80360 Szlamo tophus prisoner scrap 80359Brother of Avraham dragon Daniel Behnnamias 1923-1994 prisoner bite 182477 Grecian Jew with Italian nationality who after the war, wrote a book called the final solution odyssey of Daniel Behnnamias, he died in Oakland, unify States. falsify Fajnzylberg 23/10/1910-? captive twist 27675 Arrived in Auschwitz on the twenty-seventh of work on 1942, he witnessed the assail of the gypsies. Shlomo Venezia 29/12/1923-1/10/2012 prisoner follow 182727 Wrote a book near his experiences in Auschwitz called deep down the gas chambers. later the war he found his honest-to-goodness child Rachel back, his momma and two flyspeck sister were murdered on reach.Morris Venezia 2/1921-? captive follow 182728 A Greek Jew with Italian nationality, he is the erstwhile(a) comrade of Shlomo Venezia. Dario Gabbai 1922-? ca ptive bet 182568 A Jew from Greece, he was in the homogeneous transport as a lot of other survivors. after(prenominal) the war he shared his twaddle with many others, he believed that his affirmation is important to picture the complete layer of the horrors that took place. Dario Gabbai, Shlomo and Morris Venezia went back to Auschwitz to participate in a documentary film called Auschwitz, the final witness. Jakov Gabbai 1912-1993 captive routine 182569 The old brother of Dario Gabbai.Henryk Tauber 8/7/1917-? prisoner tote up 90124 A gloss Jew who arrived in Auschwitz at nineteenth of January 1943, he had a few different jobs in the camp before he was selected for the sonderkommando. by and by the war he testified for a color court. Filip ruminator 1922- prisoner form 29236 bonus Muller, born in Czechoslovakia, worked for well-nigh 3 eld in the sonderkommando, this is an extremely long time whereas most others would not work eternal that 3 months to a half a year inside the crematoriums. later the war he wrote a book about his ordeal called witness Auschwitz three days in the gas chambers Henryk Mandelbaum 5/12/1922-17/6/2008 prisoner fleck 181970 subsequently the war, Henryk consecrated himself to teach others about his own experiences of being a member of the sonderkommando. He unendingly kept his stain to prompt himself what he went through. Leon Cohen 1910-1989 prisoner summate 182492 Wrote a book from Greece to Birkenau, which is use to the uprising in the crematoriums. While he was functional in the sonderkommando, he carried out a job as a dentist, he had to shoot out the prosperous dentition from the deceased in crematorium III. David Olere 19/01/1902-2/8/1985prisoner look 106144 David Olere was transported from transit camp Drancy in France to Auschwitz on the forty-ninth transport on the entropy of present 1943. He worked as a member of the sonderkommando his entire placate in Auschwitz. On the nineteenth of Ja nuary he was evacuated from the camp by move in a death march which led him to Ebensee in Austria, he got change state on the sixth of may 1945 by the American army. afterward the war, David Olere apply his photograph skills to create an image of what happened inside the crematoriums and gas chambers of Auschwitz.No pictures or motion picture material of the gas chambers and the crematoriums was ever shot, therefore his drawings and paintings are considered valuable. Miklos Nyiszli 16/6/1901-5/5/1956 Prisoner number A8450 Miklos Nyiszli was deported to Auschwitz in June 1944 with his married woman and daughter, at arrival he told the module he was a doctor. He was forced to work as Mengeles friend and to perform autopsies in the crematorium. After he got turn from the Donau camp on may fifth 1945 by the U. S. forces he found his married woman and daughter back. He died of a heart oncoming in 1956. ResourcesThe need for sonderkommandos http//www1. yadvashem. org/yv/en/e ducation/languages/Dutch/cyclopedia/19. asp viper http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Mein_Kampf http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Nuremberg_Laws http//yalepress. yale. edu/yupbooks/excerpts/greif_wept. pdf http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler http//www. duitslandweb. nl/naslagwerk/Geschiedenis/Derde+Rijk+tot+1939/Machtigingswet+en+gelijkschakeling. hypertext mark-up language http//www. jewishvirtuallibrary. org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0015_0_14977. hypertext markup language http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Action_T4 http//www. youtube. com/ observation post? =LJ8ogV5e8co& throw= colligate http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Karl_Wolff http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Operation_Reinhard uprisings http//www. final solutionresearchproject. org/revolt/sonderevolt. hypertext mark-up language http//cohen. gr/newsite/index. php? option=com_content&view= hold&id=2278-2&catid=692011-03-21-15-02-30&Itemid=78 http//www. sobiborinterviews. nl/en/the-revolt/th e-revolt http//www. ushmm. org/outreach/en/article. php? ModuleId=10007747 survivors http//fcit. usf. edu/final solution/ humanistic discipline/DOBIO/DOarts. HTM http//www. ewishvirtuallibrary. org/jsource/biography/HenrykMandelbaum. hypertext markup language http//www. go2war2. nl/artikel/2541/Mikl%C3%B3s-Nyiszli-het-Sonderkommando-in- Auschwitz-Birkenau. htm http//www. mazal. org/ scroll/documents/Tauber/Tauber01. htm http//www. youtube. com/ jibe? v=P-IinMCbdJA http//www. nytimes. com/2012/10/07/books/shlomo-venezia-auschwitz-sonderkommando-and-survivor-dies-at-88. hypertext markup language? _r=0 http//sonderkommando. info/proces/cracovie/temoins/feinsilber/index. hypertext mark-up language http//www. schoah. org/shoah/holocaust/greif-0. htm http//www. martingray. eu/ Books employ Sonderkommando Auschwitz Shlomo VeneziaISBN 9789026321016 Europe born-again Harold crowd together ISBN 0-582-21533-1 Ooggetuigen van Sobibor Jules Schelvis ISBN 9789026323140 1 . authoritative nu mber from the Nazi party, however, the number of deaths is in all probability much higher. 2 . Reichsfuhrer of the SS, he make the SS einsatzgruppen and created the extermination camps. He is accountable for the deaths of millions of Jews. 3 . SS grupenfuhrer, and Himmlers ears and eyeball within Hitlers headquarters. 4 . graduation death camp build. 5 . cleverness catch errors, since no real official lists excists.